Generator and superheater.



v heat passing throug -hurst road,

SEBASTIAN ZIANI DE FERRANTI, HAMPSTEAD, LONDON,'ENGLAND.

GENERATOR AND SUPERHEATER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug'. 7, 1906.

Application filed May 23, 1905. Serial 110.261.899.

To all whmit may concern.- B e it known that I, SEBASTIAN ZIANI D FERRANTI, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at 31 Lynd- I-Iampstead, London, N. W., EngIland, have invented certain new and useful mprovements in Steam Generators and Superheaters, of hich the following is a specication.

This invention relates to turbines-such, for example, as those described in .my application Serial No. 179,407, of October 31, 1903-in which highly-superheated iiu'id is to be used, and has for object to provide means for reventing the superheaters becoming over eated, more especiallyr when the turbine is stopped.

The invention consists of a combined boiler and superheater, through which the heating medium passes in arallel, the amount of the superheater being adjustable in relation to that supplied to the boiler.

In the following description steam will be taken as an-example of a condensable elastic iiuid.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, Figure 1 shows a sectional plan of one form of my invention, in which a back draft can be produced throu h the su erheaters. Fig. 2 shows a simi ar view o a modification, in which the gases to the superheater first pass through a number of boiler-tubes, the flow of gases throu h the superheaters being regulated by out et-darnpers, while Fig. 2a shows a modification combining the features of the structures shown in Figs. 1 and 2; and Fig. 3 shows a view of another modification, in which the boiler and superheater elements are separatelyfired, the relative flow being adjusted by inlet or fire dampers.

Wherede'sirable, the same reference-letters are used to denote corresponding parts in the different drawings.

I wish it to be understood that the drawings are of a diagrammatic nature and are lnot to be taken as working drawings.

In carrying my invention into effect according to one form, as shown in Fig. 1, I have a common {ire-grate a, and from this passa es lead, the boiler-tubes b being containe in one passage and the superheatertubes c in other passages, or there may be one or more passages for the boiler-tubes and one for the superheater, or two or more passages for each may be provided, according toV convenience. The passage' which contains the boiler-tubes has a free passage for the draft from the fire right through. The passages which contain the superheater-tubes, on the contrary, are each fitted with one or more dampers d at the far end from the fire. There is also at this far end an adjustable opening e into the end of each passage from the exter- E nal air. In starting up the fire I closethe dampers d, leading from the ends of the superheated passages, and open the dampers or the like controlling the openings e om the external air into this far end of the chambers. "7o By this means currents of cool air pass into the superheated chambers through these openings c, traversing the tubes in these chambers in the opposite direction to that of the ordil nary dra t, and enough air can thus be allowed to ow back to the fire to keep the superheater-tubes cool, while the hot products of combustion from the fire go entirely through the boiler b and on through the economizerf to the chimney. 8c In normal working the dampers to the air from the ends of thesuperheatingchambers are completely closed and the dampers d from the superheatirfg-chambers are opened. The hot gases thenvtraverse the boiler-tubes 8 5 b and the superheater-tubes c in parallel and then join in a common chamber h before passing through the economizer f. This economizer-chamber may also contain a portion of the boiler; but this is a matter of convenience 9c asregards the relative area of the different parts which it is desired to obtain. The damers d out of the superheater-chambers by eing opened more or less will determine the relative amount of heat going through the boiler in relation to that going through the superheaters. In another case I modify the above arrangement, in so much as I use several rows of boile -tubes i (see Fi 2) completely across the end of the fire efore the roo oiler and superheater-chambers are reached, thus protecting the ends of the superheatertubes and .saving in some cases the necessity of the dam er-openings e to the external air and back aft for cooling the superheaterf tubes c during the time that steam is not passed through them for superheating. The products may then be passed on through an additional section of boiler and the economizer or through the economizer only. In no some cases I may use a combination of the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2 as shown in Fig. 2, which in view of the fact that the sainel reference-letters are used therein :as 1in Figs. 1 and 2 will be clear without further description.

According to another method, as shown in Fig. 3, I may employ se arate fires c l for the superheaters Q and the oiler b, respectively. In this case each re sends its products through its own passage, these products then uniting :and passing 'through an additional section of l`the boiler :and the economizer -or thl'glgh the econornzer only. In this case the regulation is obtained lby the amount of fire on-eachfgrate and 'by=more or Iless opening the Vdampers (indicated at m) feedin each ire, thu's determining 'the amount o lheat put into eachelement.

vHaving thus described :my invention, what Iclaim as new, and desire `to secure by Letters Patent,is

1. The=combinationfin a-singlestructureof groups of 1boiler :and superheater tubes arranged side by -side 1with=a partition-wall between said groups, fa grate extending across the said groups fand across the front 'end of said partition, said -groups being 'arranged parallel vwith each other-and a chamber at the rear extending across the'endsof saidgroups and partition with agroup of tubes therein, substantially asdescribed.

2. The combination in a single structure of a'furnace, :groups of boiler and superheater tubes arranged side by side and parallel with each-other, a partition between said groups, a grateextending-across the Vsaid groups and across the front end of the partition and means lfor -regulating the 4relative heating of the saidgroups of tubes, substantially as described.

3. Thecombin'ation ina -single structure-of a VJfurnace, two chambers -or ducts .arranged side -by side with-an inlet at'the front and `an outlet at the rear, a partitionseparating the two groups of tubes, said tubes extending vertically in said ducts and a grate from -which kthe .hot lgases ass into .the `front :ends of the said ducts, su stantially as described.

4. In combination in a furnace, a group of boiler-tubes, a group of superheater-tubes arranged alongside the boiler-tubes, .aparti-- tion between the said grou s of tubes, a screen of water-tubes exten g across the 'front of the groups of boiler and su erheater tubes and a grate from which 'the otzgases pass through the said group o-screentiibes and in parallel through thegroups "df boiler and superheater tubes, substantially as iescribed.

"5. The combinationin a singleestruc'turedf boiler and superheater elements; means 'for passing hot gases through said lelements fitogether with means for causing a bac'k'dra't'o'f` cool air throu h said superheaterelements.

I6. The-coni inationin asingle structure-'of boiler and -superheater elements; means for passing hot gases 'through said elements together with 'means Iincluding an opening to the external -air .and -a 'damper for -causing la back draft 'o'f cool air *through said superheater elements.

7 In combination f-a fgroup of boiler-tulbes, a ou of superheater-tubes arranged'alongsi e t e group of boiler-tubes and parallel therewith, a partition'betweenfthe'twogroups of tubes forming ducts h `each an linlet at the front and an outlet at t e rear for the hotI gases, -a screen of water-tubes reach'rn across the inletend o'fboth ofsaid'duets'afn" a chamber to receive the hot gases from botlh of said ducts `anda group oftubes inthe said common chamber, substantially asdescribed.

In witness whereof I'have signed my 'name to this specification Jin the 'presence-of vtwo subscribing witnesses.

SEBASTIAN ZI'ANI 'DE FERRANTI Witnesses:

ALBERT E. PARKER, FRANCIS J. BIGNELL. 

